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Published on:

March 18, 2025

Udeetta Sarma

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Explore GST

Basics of GST

GST Rate on Medicines and Other Pharmaceuticals

India's healthcare system highly depends on the pharmaceutical sector to deliver life-saving drugs and medical equipment. The taxation regime for medicines and pharmaceuticals in India has changed drastically over the years with the advent of the Goods and Services Tax (GST). Businesses, pharmacies, hospitals, and consumers must understand GST on medicine, how it affects the price, and how to calculate GST on medicine bills.

This blog will cover the medical GST rate, different types of medicines and their GST rate, hospital bills with GST, and GST calculations on a medicine bill.

GST on Medicine: Overview

Before GST, medicines and pharmaceuticals were subjected to multiple indirect taxes (like VAT, excise duty, and CST (Central Sales Tax)). The GST on tablets, syrups, and other pharmaceutical products simplified the tax structure or replaced multiple levies with a unified system.

Medicines and pharmaceutical products fall under multiple tax slabs depending on their type and usage. These categories include:

Essential life-saving drugs
General medicines
Medicines of both Ayurvedic and homeopathic traditions
Medical devices and supplies

The GST rate on medicines is usually divided into four major slabs, which are the 0% slab, 5% slab, 12% slab and 18% slab.

GST Rates on Different Categories of Medicines

1. 0% GST – Exempted Medicines

Hence, some critical life-saving drugs were provided exemption under the GST regime to protect the interests of patients. These include:

Blood and plasma products
Contraceptives
Team vaccines (for specific diseases such as polio and tuberculosis).

2. 5% GST – Life-saving and Essential Medicines

Most essential medicines are levied at 5% GST to maintain their prices. These include:

Insulin
Anti-cancer drugs
Vaccines (except for ones with exemptions)
Immunosuppressants
Anti-TB and HIV drugs

3. 12% GST – General Medicines

Most of the common medicines that are used for treating different diseases are under the 12% GST slab. Examples include:
Antibiotics
Painkillers
Hormonal drugs
Cardiovascular drugs
Anti-diabetic medications

4. 18% GST – Other Pharmaceutical Products and Supplements

Drugs not listed as essential or classified under dietary supplements and medical devices attract 18% GST. These include:

Protein supplements
Vitamins and Dietetic Supplements
Medicines based on Ayurveda and Homeopathy
Syringes, surgical instruments, and implants, which are medical equipment

GST on Hospital Bills

A frequently asked question is whether GST applies to hospital bills. Here’s a summary of what services GST applies to and how:

Medical treatment, not tax:

Hospitals are exempt from GST for the services rendered. This includes doctor visits, surgeries, and emergency treatment.

GST on medicines and medical supplies:

When hospitals provide medicines or medical supplies to a patient as part of treatment, these attract GST at the applicable tax slab.

GST on room rent:

12% GST is applicable if the hospital charges more than ₹5,000 per day for a non-ICU room. So, ICU room charges are still not covered and are exempt from GST.

The GST on hospital bills is a complex calculation, as hospitals and medical institutions need to classify services accurately.

You might also be interested in GST rates and the 9018 HSN code for Medical Instruments.

How to Calculate GST on Medicine

The formula for calculating GST on the bills of medicines is very simple. GST Calculation Formula is equal to:

GST Amount = (Price of medicine × GST Rate) ÷ 100

For example:

Suppose the cost of medicine is ₹1,000, and it is categorized under the 5% GST slab, the GST amount will be:

(1,000 × 5) ÷ 100 = ₹50

Placing the order will cost you the total price, including GST ред.

₹1,000 + ₹50 = ₹1,050

GST for bulk purchases is calculated item-wise, depending on the tax slab, and added up for the final bill amount.

Impact of GST on the Pharmaceutical Industry

Lower Tax Load on Necessary Medicines

Products and medicines became more expensive under the previous tax regime because of levies such as VAT and excise duty. This has made it affordable, even with GST rates of 0% and 5% for core drugs.

Increased Costs for Non-Groundwork Level Pharmaceuticals

Personalised dietary products, protein supplements, ayurvedic medicine and other pharmaceutical products attract an 18% tax, increasing prices to end-users.

Smoother Supply Chain Processes

Under the GST system, the tax slab of the product and the tax burden on goods will be lower, and inter-state tax will abolish commercial border tax which will reduce the cost of manufacturers, and distributors. This provides speedy delivery of medicines in India.

Pharmacies and Hospitals Compliance Requirements

GST invoicing and reporting requirements for pharmacies, hospitals, and distributors Correct medical GST rate classification of medicines is significant for compliance.

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Conclusion

It has simplified the indirect tax regime for medicines and pharmaceuticals. Essential medicines are subject to lower GST rates (0% or 5%), but general and non-essential pharmaceutical products are slotted under 12% and 18% slabs. GST is exempt in hospitals, but medicines and other amenities used for treatments are subject to applicable tax slabs.

GST On Medicine Bill & Hospital Services Explained GST On Pharmaceutical Invoice Calculate GST On Pharmaceutical Bill. Businesses, pharmacies, and consumers can better understand and manage healthcare expenses while ensuring compliance.

FAQs

1. What is the GST rate on medicines?

The GST rate on medicines varies based on the category: 0% for exempt medicines, 5% for life-saving drugs, 12% for general medicines, and 18% for supplements and medical equipment.

2. Do hospital bills attract GST?

Hospital medical services are GST-exempt, but medicines, implants, and the cost of room rental sloping above ₹5,000 delivery day (non-ICU) are figured GST.

3. How is GST calculated on medicine bills?

GST = (Medicine Price × GST Rate) ÷ 100, Total amount = GST + Base price.

4. Are Ayurvedic andhomoeopathicc medicines safe under GST?

Yes, we will fall under the 12% or 18% GST slab as general or non-essential pharmaceuticals.

5. Should pharmacies have to charge GST on medicines?

Yes, medicines are 2per centnt GST Rate Goods, and pharmacies are required to charge the GST on their sale of medicines under their applicable tax slabs and issue GST-compliant invoices for proper tax reporting.