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August 23, 2025

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GST Rates & HSN Code for Instruments for Demonstration

Instruments used for demonstration are common in schools, colleges & exhibitions. They include teaching aids, scientific models, and dummy versions of machines. These are not for actual use but only to explain a concept or show how something works.

Under GST, such items are classified separately. Each product is linked to an HSN code, which helps decide the correct GST rate. Using the right code is important for invoices, tax filing & claiming input tax credit. This article explains the HSN codes for demonstration instruments, the GST rates applied to them, and why correct classification matters.

What Are Instruments For Demonstration?

Instruments for demonstration are models made for study or display. They cannot replace the real tool or machine.

Examples include:

1. A plastic skeleton in a biology lab.

2. Physics experiment kits in school.

3. Dummy models shown at trade fairs.

4. Medical training aids are used in colleges.

These are designed only for demo or teaching. They are not suitable for real operations.

HSN Code for Demonstration Instruments

Under GST, demonstration instruments fall in Chapter 90 of the HSN code.

Understanding HSN

HSN stands for Harmonised System of Nomenclature. It is an international coding system used for classifying goods. India follows this system under GST to maintain uniformity.

1. The first two digits show the chapter.

2. The next two digits show the heading.

3. The last two digits give a sub-category.

Codes for Demonstration Instruments

Demonstration instruments fall under Chapter 90. It covers optical and scientific instruments. The specific heading is 9023.

1. HSN 90230010: Teaching aids such as educational models and lab kits.

2. HSN 90230090: Other demonstration instruments not covered under teaching aids.

This classification separates school or college models from demonstration tools in other fields like trade fairs or exhibitions.

GST Rates for Demonstration Instruments

Both teaching aids and other demonstration instruments are taxed 18% under GST.

HSN Code	Category	GST Rate	CGST + SGST	IGST
90230010	Teaching aids (educational use)	18%	9% + 9%	18%
90230090	Other demonstration instruments	18%	9% + 9%	18%

Rate Changes Over Time

When GST started in July 2017, some demonstration instruments were placed in the 28% slab. This created extra costs for schools and training centres. The GST Council later revised the rates on 15 November 2017. The rates were reduced to make such products more affordable. Now both teaching aids and other demonstration models are taxed at a flat 18%.

Why Correct Classification Is Important

Using the right HSN code is not just about tax. It ensures smooth compliance and avoids problems later.

1. Accurate returns - GST filing becomes easier when products are correctly classified.

2. Input Tax Credit (ITC) - Businesses can claim ITC only when the correct HSN code is used.

3. Avoid penalties - Wrong codes may lead to penalties during assessment.

4. Clear invoices - Customers and institutions understand the tax applied.

For example, if a school buys 50 skeleton models, applying the wrong HSN code could result in paying more tax or losing ITC.

Practical Examples

Here are some examples of demonstration instruments and their GST classification.

1. Educational Models

A school science kit or a globe used in classrooms falls under HSN 90230010. These items are considered teaching aids. They are mainly used for learning and training purposes. The GST rate on such models is 18%.

2. Medical Training Models

Dummy organs, skeletons or anatomical models used in medical colleges and hospitals are also classified under HSN 90230010. The GST rate on these items is also 18%.

3. Trade Exhibition Models

Mechanical or industrial models displayed at trade fairs or exhibitions come under HSN 90230090. These are usually made for showcasing how a product works. The GST rate for such demonstration models is 18% as well.

Conclusion

Demonstration instruments play an important role in education, training & industry. They are mainly covered by HSN codes 90230010 and 90230090 under GST. Whether used for teaching aids or as display models, both are taxed at 18%. The rate was higher in the past but has been stable at 18% since November 2017.

For businesses and institutions, the correct HSN code is necessary for compliance. Schools and colleges do not get an exemption. But if they are registered under GST, they may claim input tax credit. In short, the right classification helps in avoiding disputes. It ensures smooth tax filing.

FAQs

1. What's the GST rate for teaching aids under HSN 90230010?

Teaching aids include school models, science kits, and similar products used for learning. These items are classified under HSN 90230010. The GST rate is 18%. For local sales, the tax is 9% CGST and 9% SGST. For interstate sales, it is 18% IGST. This rate applies across India.

2. Are all demonstration instruments taxed at 18%?

Yes. Demonstration instruments are divided into two main groups. One is teaching aids under HSN 90230010. The other is models and dummy displays under HSN 90230090. Both groups attract 18% GST. There are no separate lower rates for schools, exhibitions or training use.

3. Do schools or colleges get a GST exemption?

Schools, colleges & training institutes do not get a full exemption on these products. GST is charged at the same rate of 18%. Though, institutions registered under GST can claim Input Tax Credit (ITC) on their purchases. This means the tax paid can be adjusted against their output tax liability.

4. How to choose between 90230010 and 90230090?

The choice of HSN code depends on the purpose of the product. If the item is designed for teaching, training or classroom use then the HSN 90230010 is correct. If the item is made for general display, trade fairs or non-educational demonstration then it comes under HSN 90230090.

5. Were demonstration instruments always taxed at 18%?

No. When GST was first introduced in July 2017, some demonstration models were taxed at 28%. This was part of the higher luxury slab. From 15 Nov 2017, the rate was reduced to 18%. The same rate continues for both 90230010 and 90230090.

Also read: GST rates and 9018 HSN code for Medical Instruments